1دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحدعلوم وتحقیقات تهران ،دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، گروه شیمی دریا
2دانشگاه الزهرا، دانشگاه علوم پایه، گروه شیمی
3پالایشگاه نفت شهیدتندگویان
چکیده
خلیج فارس آب‌راهی است که در امتداد دریای عمان و در میان ایران و شبه جزیره عربستان قرار دارد. اعتبار این منطقه از شکل‌گیری اولین تمدن‌های بشری تا به امروز که عصر صنعت و زمان طرح شدن نفت به عنوان عنصر اصلی اقتصاد معاصر است، ادامه دارد. میزان آلودگی نفتی در این منطقه به دلیل نشت از سکوهای نفتی، یکی از مهم‌ترین منابع این آلودگی‌ها به شمار می‌رود. به همین‌دلیل تعیین و بررسی ترکیب درصد هیدروکربن‌ها در ترکیب نفت خام سکوهای نفتی خلیج‌فارس بسیار اهمیت دارد . دراین مقاله با استفاده از روش سارا، آلیفاتیک‌ها جداسازی شده و با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی ترکیب درصد هیدروکربن‌های آلیفاتیک موجود در نمونه‌های نفت خام مورد شناسایی و بررسی قرار گرفته است. ترکیب درصدهای متفاوت به‌دست آمده از نفت خام هر سکوی نفتی نشان می‌دهد که این روش می‌تواند یک الگوی مناسب، جهت پیدایش منشأ آلودگی‌های نفتی در خلیج فارس باشد.
1Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Alzahra University
3Tehran Oil Refining Company
چکیده [English]
The Persian Gulf or Persian sea is a flood channel which is situated in prolongation of Oman Sea and between Iran and Saudi Arabia peninsula. The validity of this region has been approved since the initial of human being, and even in now that oil has been appeared as the fundamental of economic prosperity. Iran, Oman, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, U.A.E., Qatar, and Bahrain have surrounded the Persian Gulf, and the north part of Persian Gulf bank is strategic Situation. The leakage of oil from offshore platform is the main source of pollution in this gulf; therefore, the importance of the determination and analysis of hydrocarbon mixture from crude oil in these platforms of the Persian Gulf is of great importance. Hence the recognition of the source of pollution and the volume of this pollutant pouring into the sea for politicizing national and regional planning with the aim of the Persian Gulf conservation and biogeography related to it is so useful and effective. This article aims to scrutinize aliphatic hydrocarbons (AH) in the composition of crude oil from offshore oil platform of the Persian Gulf, and then compare and deliberate the compound and its physical and chemical specifications of each platform. Sampling method is practiced with SARA method and the amount of aliphatic hydrocarbons of each platform is determined using gas chromatography. Furthermore, several chemical and physical characteristics of crude oil from these platforms were checked and measured and then reported by drawing graphs or studying concerning offshore oil platforms. The results of the determination of aliphatic hydrocarbons in each platform show that crude oil of each platform, its physical and chemical characteristics in the Persian Gulf, and the percentage of aliphatic hydrocarbons leaking from each platform in this gulf differs from each other.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Persian Gulf, Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, Crude Oil, Gas Chromatography, SARA Separation
مراجع
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