Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Investigating the Factors Controlling Reservoir Quality and Introducing Flow Units of the Fahliyan Formation in One of the oilfield in the Abadan Plain, the Southwest of Iran Investigating the Factors Controlling Reservoir Quality and Introducing Flow Units of the Fahliyan Formation in One of the oilfield in the Abadan Plain, the Southwest of Iran 4 20 1050 10.22078/pr.2020.3977.2812 FA Amir Kazemi Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Iran Mَohammad Ali Salehi Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Iran Hamid Reza Pakzad Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Iran Javad Honarmand Petroleum Geology Department, Research and Development in Upstream Petroleum Industry, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran Navab Khodaei Petroleum Geology Department, Research and Development in Upstream Petroleum Industry, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 11 05 The Fahliyan Formation (Early Cretaceous) forms one of the main oil reservoir rocks in many oilfields in the Zagros specifically in the Dezful Embayment and Abadan Plain. For investigation of facies characteristics, depositional environment, diagenetic overprints and reservoir quality of this formation in one of the wells of an oilfield located in Abadan Plain province, the results of geological and petrophysical data including petrographic studies of thin sections, conventional core analysis and well logs were integrated. Facies analysis resulted in recognition of nine microfacies in the carbonate and two petrofacies in the siliciclastic-carbonate parts in the studied well. In addition, the carbonate microfacies were deposited in lagoon and shoal sub-environments, whereas petrofacies related to the siliciclastics dominated part falls within tidal flat environment. Based on evidences obtained in this study and comparison with the results from previous studies, it can be suggested that the Fahliyan Formation was deposited on shallow parts of a homoclinal carbonate ramp. Moreover, petrographic analysis demonstrates that diagenetic features have considerable both negative and positive effects on the reservoir characteristics and mainly regulate pore system characteristics. To identify flow units, a petrophysical method including stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot (SMLP) was applied. The results indicate that this method successfully classified the studied reservoir into discrete flow units by considering the relationship between petrophysical properties and depositional and diagenetic features. Finally, Based on SMLP method, ten flow units including four reservoir units (two speed zone and two good to fair flow units), three baffle units, two barrier units and one baffle-fair flow unit were differentiated. The Fahliyan Formation (Early Cretaceous) forms one of the main oil reservoir rocks in many oilfields in the Zagros specifically in the Dezful Embayment and Abadan Plain. For investigation of facies characteristics, depositional environment, diagenetic overprints and reservoir quality of this formation in one of the wells of an oilfield located in Abadan Plain province, the results of geological and petrophysical data including petrographic studies of thin sections, conventional core analysis and well logs were integrated. Facies analysis resulted in recognition of nine microfacies in the carbonate and two petrofacies in the siliciclastic-carbonate parts in the studied well. In addition, the carbonate microfacies were deposited in lagoon and shoal sub-environments, whereas petrofacies related to the siliciclastics dominated part falls within tidal flat environment. Based on evidences obtained in this study and comparison with the results from previous studies, it can be suggested that the Fahliyan Formation was deposited on shallow parts of a homoclinal carbonate ramp. Moreover, petrographic analysis demonstrates that diagenetic features have considerable both negative and positive effects on the reservoir characteristics and mainly regulate pore system characteristics. To identify flow units, a petrophysical method including stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot (SMLP) was applied. The results indicate that this method successfully classified the studied reservoir into discrete flow units by considering the relationship between petrophysical properties and depositional and diagenetic features. Finally, Based on SMLP method, ten flow units including four reservoir units (two speed zone and two good to fair flow units), three baffle units, two barrier units and one baffle-fair flow unit were differentiated. https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1050_5055cbf43fac3f7e2336b27310f0b9ef.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Oxidation of Dibenzothiophene by the Use of TS-1 Zeolite Prepared in the Presence of Polyvinyl Alcohol Oxidation of Dibenzothiophene by the Use of TS-1 Zeolite Prepared in the Presence of Polyvinyl Alcohol 21 30 1047 10.22078/pr.2019.3800.2732 FA Mozaffar Shakeri Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center (cceri), Tehran, Iran, Ali Shirzade Zarnagh Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center (cceri), Tehran, Iran, Azam Akbari Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center (cceri), Tehran, Iran, Safoura Bakhodaye Dehghanpour Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center (cceri), Tehran, Iran, Journal Article 2019 05 30   <br />  <br />Titanosilicalite-1 (TS-1) is a strong alternative for oxidative desulfurization of the fuels. The catalytic activity of this catalyst toward oxidation of organosulfur compound such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) is influenced by two factors of crystal size and framework Ti content. In this study, synthesized TS-1 zeolites at the presence and absence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were synthesized. The TS-1 zeolite synthesized at the presence of PVA (TS-1-PVA) possess average crystal size of 100 nm while normal TS-1 synthesized at the absence of PVA showed crystal size of 210 nm. The TS-1-PVA and TS-1 showed similar framework Ti content. The obtained TS-1 zeolites were evaluated toward oxidation of bulky substrate of DBT. Moreover, oxidation of DBT by TS-1-PVA resulted in full conversion (100%) while normal TS-1 showed conversion of 26%. The higher catalytic activity of TS-1-PVA than that of normal TS-1 is coming mainly from much smaller particle size and preserved framework Ti content. Finally, the above results showed the possibility of modification of TS-1 zeolite at the presence of PVA for deep desulfurization of the fuels. <br />    <br />  <br />Titanosilicalite-1 (TS-1) is a strong alternative for oxidative desulfurization of the fuels. The catalytic activity of this catalyst toward oxidation of organosulfur compound such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) is influenced by two factors of crystal size and framework Ti content. In this study, synthesized TS-1 zeolites at the presence and absence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were synthesized. The TS-1 zeolite synthesized at the presence of PVA (TS-1-PVA) possess average crystal size of 100 nm while normal TS-1 synthesized at the absence of PVA showed crystal size of 210 nm. The TS-1-PVA and TS-1 showed similar framework Ti content. The obtained TS-1 zeolites were evaluated toward oxidation of bulky substrate of DBT. Moreover, oxidation of DBT by TS-1-PVA resulted in full conversion (100%) while normal TS-1 showed conversion of 26%. The higher catalytic activity of TS-1-PVA than that of normal TS-1 is coming mainly from much smaller particle size and preserved framework Ti content. Finally, the above results showed the possibility of modification of TS-1 zeolite at the presence of PVA for deep desulfurization of the fuels. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1047_20b5e1cf8694af7a3c1ba4a87f073021.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Syngas Production by Partial Oxidation of Methane and CO2 Conversion Using Chemical Looping Method Syngas Production by Partial Oxidation of Methane and CO2 Conversion Using Chemical Looping Method 31 41 1045 10.22078/pr.2019.3665.2691 FA Seyed Shabbir Mousavi Gas Conversion Group, Gas Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran Hadi Ebrahimi Gas Conversion Group, Gas Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-8797-8436 Yahya Zamani Gas Conversion Group, Gas Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 04 06 Syngas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) could be produced by natural gas (methane) with steam or oxygen. The current methods such as catalytic reforming and autothermal deal with high energy consumption and cost demands. As an alternative, chemical looping reforming could be used with versatile features such as no need of pure oxygen, low CO₂ reduction and better process integration. In the current article, a dynamic chemical looping process is employed to produce syngas resulted in the reduction of a perovskite oxygen carrier from methane. After that, the re-oxidation is performed in two steps with both CO₂ and Air. The perovskite catalyst, synthesized by combustion method, was tested in a fixed-bed reactor in a dynamic manner. In the reduction reactor, however, the syngas was produced in a limited time. The CO₂ produced during the reduction was below 5%, which is lower than that of the common methods. By continuing the reduction reactions, a high amount of hydrogen is produced, but solid coke is formed too. Hence, the reduction is partially performed. To compensate the consumed oxygen of the perovskite lattice, at first, the greenhouse gas of CO₂ is injected into the reactor, followed by oxidation by Air. Moreover, the coke removal (combustion) is performed during these two oxidation steps. The results show that, the methane conversion is reached to 90% during the first 30 min of the reduction. A vast majority of CO₂ is converted to CO in only 17 min of the first oxidation step. In addition, the time that is required for air-re-oxidation to remove the cokes is equal to 20 minutes. Finally, according to the obtained results, both CO₂ and Air could not only remove the formed solid carbon, but it also compensated the oxygen vacancies inside the lattice. <br />  Syngas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) could be produced by natural gas (methane) with steam or oxygen. The current methods such as catalytic reforming and autothermal deal with high energy consumption and cost demands. As an alternative, chemical looping reforming could be used with versatile features such as no need of pure oxygen, low CO₂ reduction and better process integration. In the current article, a dynamic chemical looping process is employed to produce syngas resulted in the reduction of a perovskite oxygen carrier from methane. After that, the re-oxidation is performed in two steps with both CO₂ and Air. The perovskite catalyst, synthesized by combustion method, was tested in a fixed-bed reactor in a dynamic manner. In the reduction reactor, however, the syngas was produced in a limited time. The CO₂ produced during the reduction was below 5%, which is lower than that of the common methods. By continuing the reduction reactions, a high amount of hydrogen is produced, but solid coke is formed too. Hence, the reduction is partially performed. To compensate the consumed oxygen of the perovskite lattice, at first, the greenhouse gas of CO₂ is injected into the reactor, followed by oxidation by Air. Moreover, the coke removal (combustion) is performed during these two oxidation steps. The results show that, the methane conversion is reached to 90% during the first 30 min of the reduction. A vast majority of CO₂ is converted to CO in only 17 min of the first oxidation step. In addition, the time that is required for air-re-oxidation to remove the cokes is equal to 20 minutes. Finally, according to the obtained results, both CO₂ and Air could not only remove the formed solid carbon, but it also compensated the oxygen vacancies inside the lattice. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1045_a0e2a2c563d57df27213ede1ac4ac780.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Experimental Analysis of Spontaneous Imbibition in Naturally Fractured Gas Reservoirs Experimental Analysis of Spontaneous Imbibition in Naturally Fractured Gas Reservoirs 42 51 1043 10.22078/pr.2019.3789.2729 FA Fatemeh Ghasemi Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical, Petroleum & Gas Engineering, Shiraz University, Iran Mehdi Escrochi Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical, Petroleum & Gas Engineering, Shiraz University, Iran Mojtaba Ghaedi Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Journal Article 2019 05 21 Spontaneous imbibition (SI) is an important production mechanism in fractured reservoirs. Efforts have been made to study the interaction between the matrix and fractures in a situation where saturated matrixes are surrounded by gas saturated fractures. Despite previous studies on the scaling groups introduced to characterize the imbibition process in oil reservoirs, gas reservoirs have been less considered. In this research, by studying the process of imbibition and the factors and conditions affecting this process, spontaneous test experiments were designed and implemented in specific conditions. By analyzing the data obtained from the experimental study and scaling the data, the spontaneous imbibition process in gas reservoirs has been investigated, and the capability of previously proposed scaling groups for scaling spontaneous imbibition data in gas systems, has been studied. Based on the results, it is necessary that SI and its affecting factors be more accurately studied in order to provide a more acquire scaling equation. <br />  Spontaneous imbibition (SI) is an important production mechanism in fractured reservoirs. Efforts have been made to study the interaction between the matrix and fractures in a situation where saturated matrixes are surrounded by gas saturated fractures. Despite previous studies on the scaling groups introduced to characterize the imbibition process in oil reservoirs, gas reservoirs have been less considered. In this research, by studying the process of imbibition and the factors and conditions affecting this process, spontaneous test experiments were designed and implemented in specific conditions. By analyzing the data obtained from the experimental study and scaling the data, the spontaneous imbibition process in gas reservoirs has been investigated, and the capability of previously proposed scaling groups for scaling spontaneous imbibition data in gas systems, has been studied. Based on the results, it is necessary that SI and its affecting factors be more accurately studied in order to provide a more acquire scaling equation. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1043_b9141aff1412dc76340b3822d9ea6c72.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Wellbore stability analysis in fractured formation using DEM-DFN method: A case study on one of the wellbores in Persian Gulf Wellbore stability analysis in fractured formation using DEM-DFN method: A case study on one of the wellbores in Persian Gulf 52 69 1048 10.22078/pr.2020.3603.2733 FA Mohammad Komeilan Departmentof Mining and Metallurgy Engineering, Amir Kabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Omid Saeidi Geology Department, Iranian Offshore Oil Company, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Rahbar Geology Department, Iranian Offshore Oil Company, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 06 01 Wellbore instability in fractured formations is one of the most challenging issues in drilling engineering. In order to determine an efficient drilling methodology, it is necessary to investigate main factors which can affect the wellbore instability mechanisms. Injection rate, viscosity and density of drilling fluids are the main drastic and controllable parameter which can affect the shear and tension failure in wellbores. In this study, numerical modeling of a wellbore in Persian Gulf was carried out, using Distinct Element Method (DEM). Representation of natural fracture system in numerical simulation was conducted by Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) method. The results of numerical modeling and parametric study showed that with increase flow rates from 20 to 200 barrels per hour, the shear displacement also increased. Similarly, increase in viscosity from 1 to 1000 cP caused increase in fracture shearing and therefore instability around wellbore. By increase the viscosity and rate of drilling fluid, the shear and tensile failures increase and due to its effect on the hydraulic opening of the discontinuities, a decrease in fluid pore pressure was observed. In this study, normalized yield zone criteria were used to model validation and finally the results of wellbore stability analysis compared with field data. <br />  Wellbore instability in fractured formations is one of the most challenging issues in drilling engineering. In order to determine an efficient drilling methodology, it is necessary to investigate main factors which can affect the wellbore instability mechanisms. Injection rate, viscosity and density of drilling fluids are the main drastic and controllable parameter which can affect the shear and tension failure in wellbores. In this study, numerical modeling of a wellbore in Persian Gulf was carried out, using Distinct Element Method (DEM). Representation of natural fracture system in numerical simulation was conducted by Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) method. The results of numerical modeling and parametric study showed that with increase flow rates from 20 to 200 barrels per hour, the shear displacement also increased. Similarly, increase in viscosity from 1 to 1000 cP caused increase in fracture shearing and therefore instability around wellbore. By increase the viscosity and rate of drilling fluid, the shear and tensile failures increase and due to its effect on the hydraulic opening of the discontinuities, a decrease in fluid pore pressure was observed. In this study, normalized yield zone criteria were used to model validation and finally the results of wellbore stability analysis compared with field data. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1048_7cce53cf90577442771720a370c3c723.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 The Kinetic Study of Carbon Dioxide Gas Absorption in Aqueous Mixture of Methyldiethanolamine and 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol The Kinetic Study of Carbon Dioxide Gas Absorption in Aqueous Mixture of Methyldiethanolamine and 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol 70 80 1049 10.22078/pr.2020.3738.2705 FA Elaheh Adibparvar Department of Energy System Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Ali Taghi Zoghi Gas Refining Technologies Group, Gas Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran Omid Pourali Department of Energy System Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Khaled Forsat Gas Refining Technologies Group, Gas Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 04 25 In this paper, the  kinetics of carbon dioxide gas absorption by an aqueous mixture of methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol (AEEA) in a wetted wall column were studied experimentally. In experiments, carbon dioxide was absorbed by a mixture of 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol to methyldiethanolamine with a mole ratio of 0.1 at a total concentration of 3.36 molar. The experiments were carried out at a temperature range of 313.15 to 343.15 K at three pressures of 100, 400, and 700 kPa respectively. According to the data obtained from the experiments, the mechanism of carbon dioxide gas absorption in the above mixture was considered as first order reaction to the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. Finally, the absorption rate constant was calculated in the studied mixture. The experimental results showed that at 313.15 K and 100 kPa, the addition of 0.3 molar 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol to methyldiethanolamine increased the amount of mass transfer flux up to 85% in comparison with that of the same aqueous solution of MDEA. <br />  In this paper, the  kinetics of carbon dioxide gas absorption by an aqueous mixture of methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol (AEEA) in a wetted wall column were studied experimentally. In experiments, carbon dioxide was absorbed by a mixture of 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol to methyldiethanolamine with a mole ratio of 0.1 at a total concentration of 3.36 molar. The experiments were carried out at a temperature range of 313.15 to 343.15 K at three pressures of 100, 400, and 700 kPa respectively. According to the data obtained from the experiments, the mechanism of carbon dioxide gas absorption in the above mixture was considered as first order reaction to the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. Finally, the absorption rate constant was calculated in the studied mixture. The experimental results showed that at 313.15 K and 100 kPa, the addition of 0.3 molar 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol to methyldiethanolamine increased the amount of mass transfer flux up to 85% in comparison with that of the same aqueous solution of MDEA. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1049_58c54802a9fb9526cd0923353a34a7ae.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Geochemical Investigation, Oil-Oil Correlation of Sarvak Reservoir and Oil-Source Correlation of Ahmadi Member with Saturate and Aromatic Biomarker Data in an Oilfield from Southwest of Iran Geochemical Investigation, Oil-Oil Correlation of Sarvak Reservoir and Oil-Source Correlation of Ahmadi Member with Saturate and Aromatic Biomarker Data in an Oilfield from Southwest of Iran 81 98 1046 10.22078/pr.2019.3836.2760 FA Milad Soleimani Department of Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran Elham Asadi Department of Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran Seyed Ali Moallemi IOR/EOR Institute for Oil and Gas Reservoirs, Tehran, Iran Azizollah Habibi Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 07 16 Correlation of oils to each other and to their source rock is an important factor in defining a basin’s petroleum system. In this paper, 4 oil samples (#A13, #A09, #A04, #A03) from Sarvak reservoir and 2 source rocks (#SO1, #SO2) from Ahmadi member of Sarvak Formation in an oil field at southwest of Iran, were evaluated geochemically with Rock-Eval pyrolysis, column chromatography, gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instruments. Moreover, thin section studies and Rock-Eval analysis along with biomarker data on source rock of Ahmadi member from Sarvak Formation indicate deep marine condition and kerogen type II. Determination of saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene fractions on study samples show paraffinic composition with nearly high thermal maturity for oils and naphtenic composition for extracted bitumen of probable source rock in studied oil fields. Geochemical studies indicate that the source rock of oil samples have carbonate-shale lithology in an anoxic marine environment. The biomarker ratios also show the medium to high thermal maturity of studied samples. Finally, star diagram of normal alkane and biomarker ratios, triangle diagram of C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉ steran, variation of CPI, Pr/(Pr+Ph), C32 S/(S+R), C30 (βα/αβ+βα), C23 TT/C30 αβ Hopane and Tm/Ts versus calculated vitrinite reflex indicate that there are nearly biomarker similarities between #A03, #A04 and #A13 and source rock and can show genetic relationship. While #A09 oil sample with more space related to other samples might indicate more than one oil families in Sarvak reservoir of studied oil fields. <br />  Correlation of oils to each other and to their source rock is an important factor in defining a basin’s petroleum system. In this paper, 4 oil samples (#A13, #A09, #A04, #A03) from Sarvak reservoir and 2 source rocks (#SO1, #SO2) from Ahmadi member of Sarvak Formation in an oil field at southwest of Iran, were evaluated geochemically with Rock-Eval pyrolysis, column chromatography, gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instruments. Moreover, thin section studies and Rock-Eval analysis along with biomarker data on source rock of Ahmadi member from Sarvak Formation indicate deep marine condition and kerogen type II. Determination of saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene fractions on study samples show paraffinic composition with nearly high thermal maturity for oils and naphtenic composition for extracted bitumen of probable source rock in studied oil fields. Geochemical studies indicate that the source rock of oil samples have carbonate-shale lithology in an anoxic marine environment. The biomarker ratios also show the medium to high thermal maturity of studied samples. Finally, star diagram of normal alkane and biomarker ratios, triangle diagram of C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉ steran, variation of CPI, Pr/(Pr+Ph), C32 S/(S+R), C30 (βα/αβ+βα), C23 TT/C30 αβ Hopane and Tm/Ts versus calculated vitrinite reflex indicate that there are nearly biomarker similarities between #A03, #A04 and #A13 and source rock and can show genetic relationship. While #A09 oil sample with more space related to other samples might indicate more than one oil families in Sarvak reservoir of studied oil fields. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1046_1579779b98ce9edb98dd85606f2c119d.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Planning the Transportation of Multiple Petroleum Products in Pipeline Network Based on Model Predictive Control: Modeling and Long-term Planning Planning the Transportation of Multiple Petroleum Products in Pipeline Network Based on Model Predictive Control: Modeling and Long-term Planning 99 112 1051 10.22078/pr.2020.3802.2735 FA Seyyed Hossein Ghenaati Electrical Engineering Department, Yazd University, Iran 0000-0003-0289-7117 Shahram Aghaei Department of Electronic and Control, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Yazd University Journal Article 2019 06 03 To yield essential petroleum product demands of consumers in various regions, they must be transported from refineries to depots. Multi-product pipeline networks have a significant role in transporting various petroleum products in Iran and all over the world. The management of transportation represents a critical mission in the operation of multiple pipeline networks. This problem consists of several kinds of constraints in production capacity as well as distribution and storage activities. In this paper, first, a dynamic predictive model in the form of state space is presented, and then by applying model predictive control strategy, a new approach for finite horizon planning as a constrained optimization problem is presented. Moreover, the presented approach divides monthly problem into three consecutive 10-day horizons, then based on predictive control strategy, planning procedure for every 10-days would be on process serially and then hierarchical offline optimization results in monthly planning. Finally, the obtained results showed that the optimized plan satisfied monthly desired product constraints, so the proposed control strategy can be an applicable meta-heuristic method for planning the multiple pipeline networks. <br />  To yield essential petroleum product demands of consumers in various regions, they must be transported from refineries to depots. Multi-product pipeline networks have a significant role in transporting various petroleum products in Iran and all over the world. The management of transportation represents a critical mission in the operation of multiple pipeline networks. This problem consists of several kinds of constraints in production capacity as well as distribution and storage activities. In this paper, first, a dynamic predictive model in the form of state space is presented, and then by applying model predictive control strategy, a new approach for finite horizon planning as a constrained optimization problem is presented. Moreover, the presented approach divides monthly problem into three consecutive 10-day horizons, then based on predictive control strategy, planning procedure for every 10-days would be on process serially and then hierarchical offline optimization results in monthly planning. Finally, the obtained results showed that the optimized plan satisfied monthly desired product constraints, so the proposed control strategy can be an applicable meta-heuristic method for planning the multiple pipeline networks. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1051_456ac9b0d15a8b7f1e71073221059886.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Oil Using CaO/CuFe2O4/C Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst and Combining Them with Diesel for Improvement of Fuel Properties Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Oil Using CaO/CuFe2O4/C Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst and Combining Them with Diesel for Improvement of Fuel Properties 113 130 1044 10.22078/pr.2019.3728.2697 FA Kambiz Seffati Department of Chemical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Marvdasht, Islamic Azad University, Iran Hossein Esmaeili Department of Chemical Engineering, Bushehr Branch, Bushehr, Islamic Azad University, Iran 0000-0003-3417-8440 Bizhan Honarvar Department of Chemical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Marvdasht, Islamic Azad University, Iran Nadia Esfandiari Department of Chemical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Marvdasht, Islamic Azad University, Iran 0000-0003-3071-7291 Journal Article 2019 04 11 The fossil fuel sources are decreasing, and the use of biofuels has been recently considered. Among biofuels, biodiesel is considered more because of the environmental benefits. In this study, CaO/CuFe₂O₄/C nanocatalyst was used to produce biodiesel from Moringa oleifera oil. Different analyses such as TGA, EDX, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM were applied to characterize physical and chemical properties of the CaO/CuFe₂O₄/C nanocatalyst. Also, Taguchi method was used to determine the biodiesel yield. Moreover, the effective parameters such as methanol/oil ratio (1:12 mol/mol), reaction time (4 h), reaction temperature (60 ^oC), and catalyst content (3%) were determined as optimal conditions on biodiesel production yield. Additionally, the maximum biodiesel yield was determined 98.69% in these conditions. Moreover, the physical properties of biodiesel/diesel mixtures like density, flash point, kinematic viscosity, pour point, and cloud point were studied, and the results were compared with ASTM D14214 and ASTM D 6751 standards. Finally, the results showed that these properties were in the standard range; in addition, pour point and cloud point are not proper for cold weather. <br />  The fossil fuel sources are decreasing, and the use of biofuels has been recently considered. Among biofuels, biodiesel is considered more because of the environmental benefits. In this study, CaO/CuFe₂O₄/C nanocatalyst was used to produce biodiesel from Moringa oleifera oil. Different analyses such as TGA, EDX, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM were applied to characterize physical and chemical properties of the CaO/CuFe₂O₄/C nanocatalyst. Also, Taguchi method was used to determine the biodiesel yield. Moreover, the effective parameters such as methanol/oil ratio (1:12 mol/mol), reaction time (4 h), reaction temperature (60 ^oC), and catalyst content (3%) were determined as optimal conditions on biodiesel production yield. Additionally, the maximum biodiesel yield was determined 98.69% in these conditions. Moreover, the physical properties of biodiesel/diesel mixtures like density, flash point, kinematic viscosity, pour point, and cloud point were studied, and the results were compared with ASTM D14214 and ASTM D 6751 standards. Finally, the results showed that these properties were in the standard range; in addition, pour point and cloud point are not proper for cold weather. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1044_1019c8091693ef5c5f55970346633f92.pdf

Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Journal of Petroleum Research 2345-2900 30 99-1 2020 03 20 A Model for Increasing Productivity of the Iranian EOR Centers by Selecting Appropriate Foreign Partners to Develop their Value Chains A Model for Increasing Productivity of the Iranian EOR Centers by Selecting Appropriate Foreign Partners to Develop their Value Chains 131 141 1042 10.22078/pr.2018.3263.2505 FA Hossein Ghojavand Administration of Technology Affairs, Deputy of Engineering, Research and Technology, Ministry of Petroleum, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Ebrahim Shafiee nstitute for International Energy Studies, Ministry of Petroleum, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 04 20 For developing the Iran’s petroleum industry, transfer of technology by using advanced scientific centers, research and technology, and deep relationship between industry and Iranian universities are required. Therefore, National Iranian Oil Company should support the Iranian universities and upstream research centers. On the other hand, appropriate organization of the universities and research centers for preparing essential elements to develop EOR/IOR technologies should be also considered. Thus, the design and propose a model of upgrading the value chain of the EOR institutes in Iran and determination of the criteria for selecting foreign partners are needed. In this regard, by considering objectives and master documents of the Ministry of Petroleum for academic and research centers, a suitable chain-value model is proposed. In addition, in this paper, by using the opinion of the university elites and experts in the area of upstream technologies and analysis of the results, screening criteria of the foreign partners are developed and presented. <br />  For developing the Iran’s petroleum industry, transfer of technology by using advanced scientific centers, research and technology, and deep relationship between industry and Iranian universities are required. Therefore, National Iranian Oil Company should support the Iranian universities and upstream research centers. On the other hand, appropriate organization of the universities and research centers for preparing essential elements to develop EOR/IOR technologies should be also considered. Thus, the design and propose a model of upgrading the value chain of the EOR institutes in Iran and determination of the criteria for selecting foreign partners are needed. In this regard, by considering objectives and master documents of the Ministry of Petroleum for academic and research centers, a suitable chain-value model is proposed. In addition, in this paper, by using the opinion of the university elites and experts in the area of upstream technologies and analysis of the results, screening criteria of the foreign partners are developed and presented. <br />  https://pr.ripi.ir/article_1042_9ac403da7947a183884c18a67d3aa8de.pdf