حذف فنل از محیط‎های آبی توسط نانوجاذب‎های کربنی: مطالعه عوامل مؤثر و سینتیک فرآیند جذب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه ملایر، ایران

2 دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه ملایر، ایران/پژوهشکده محیط زیست و بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت، تهران، ایران

3 پژوهشکده محیط زیست و بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت، تهران، ایران

چکیده

فنل و مشتقات آن به‎دلیل سمیت، سرطان‎زایی و تجزیه بیولوژیکی کم، از آلاینده‌های مهم اکوسیستم‌های آبی محسوب می‌شود. هدف مطالعه حاضر مقایسه سه جاذب نانوساختار کربنی در جذب فنل از محیط آبی و مطالعه سینتیکی حذف آن است. در این پژوهش، ابتدا جاذب‎های گرافن، کربن مزوپور (CMK-3) و نانولوله کربنی چند‎دیواره (MWCNT) سنتز شده و سپس براساس روش‎های استاندارد XRD ،SEM، BET و BJH ساختار آنها ارزیابی شد. در گام بعد عوامل مؤثر بر فرآیند جذب مانند میزان بارگذاری جاذب، pH محلول و زمان تماس بررسی گردید. جهت پیش‌بینی رفتار سنتیکی جاذب‎ها نیز از مدل‎های شبه درجه یک، شبه درجه دو و الوویچ استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش بارگذاری جاذب، راندمان جذب افزایش و ظرفیت جاذب‎ها، روند کاهشی دارد که در هر دو حالت این تغییرات به‎صورت غیرخطی می‌باشد. بررسی تغییرات pH نشان داد که بالاترین درصد حذف برای جاذب‎های گرافن، CMK-3 و MWCNT در pH برابر 8 اتفاق می‌افتد. در بررسی اثر زمان تماس مشخص گردید برای هر سه جاذب زمان بهینه جهت اشباع سایت‌های فعال جذب حدود min 40 است و زمان بیشتر تغییر چندانی در راندمان فرآیند نخواهد داشت. نتایج بررسی سینتیکی فرآیند نشان دهنده تطبیق بسیار خوب مدل شبه درجه دو بر داده‌های آزمایشگاهی است. براساس نتایج تجربی این پژوهش مکانیزم جذب مورد بحث قرار گرفت و مشخص گردید علاوه‎بر تعاملات π-π در تمامی جاذب‎ها، نیروی قوی بین فنل و ناخالصی مس موجود در MWCNT و نیز پیوند قوی هیدروژنی بین فنل و گروه‎های هیدروکسیل/کربوکسیل موجود در ساختار CMK-3 عوامل مهم فرآیند جذب فنل هستند. در بین جاذب‎های بررسی شده، CMK-3 به‎دلیل عملکرد و کارایی بالاتر به‎عنوان جاذب بهینه برای حذف فنل از محیط‎های آبی انتخاب گردید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenol Removal from Aquatic Solution Using Three Carbon Nanostructured Adsorbents: Investigation of the Effective Parameters and Adsorption Kinetic

نویسندگان [English]

  • Eisa Solgi 1
  • Akram Hosseinnia 2
  • saeideh tasharrofi 3
  • Hossein Taghdisian 3
1 Faculty of Natural Resources Environment, Malayer University, Iran
2 Faculty of Natural Resources Environment, Malayer University, Iran\Environment and Biotechnology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
3 Environment and Biotechnology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Phenol and its derivatives are considered as one of the major environmental pollutants especially in aquatic ecosystems due to its toxicity, carcinogenic effect, and low biological degradation. The aim of the present work is to compare three carbon nanoadsorbent in phenol removal from water and to investigate adsorption kinetics. In this regard, Graphene, CMK-3, and multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were selected while several techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the adsorbents. In the next step, the effective factors on the adsorption process, i.e. adsorbent dose, pH, and contact time were studied. Moreover, the kinetics of the phenol sorption process were tested using the Pseudo-first-order, Pseudo-second-order, and Elovich models. The results have shown that increasing the amount of adsorbent loading leads to increase the adsorption efficiency and decrease in adsorption capacity, both variations indicating nonlinear behavior. Furthermore, the highest removal for graphene, MWCNT and CMK-3 was observed at pH 8. It has also been found that the optimum time to saturate adsorption active sites is about 40 minutes, and more contact time does not change the process efficiency. In addition, kinetic study has indicated that for all adsorbents, pseudo second order model has fitted better the experimental data than Pseudo first order and Elovich models. The adsorption mechanism was discussed based on experimental results. The results have indicated that for all adsorbents, the π-π interactions is an important parameter whereas in the case of MWCNT, strong force between phenol and copper impurities; moreover, in the case of CMK-3, strong hydrogen bond between phenol and hydroxyl/carboxyl groups are important parameters in in the adsorption process. Finally, among the adsorbents, CMK-3 has been selected as the optimum adsorbent for phenol removal due to its higher yield and efficiency.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phenol
  • Waste Water
  • Adsorption
  • Carbonaceous Nanostructured
  • Adsorption Kinetic
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