Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Ammonium Salts on the Kinetics of CO2 Hydrate Formation

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran

Abstract

As the oil is extracted from reservoir starts, the pressure of the reservoir decreases. Hence, the well needs to use methods of increased harvesting. The method of increasing harvesting through the injection of CO2 gas is a well-known technology, and this method has been economically justified. For this goal, to maximize recovery, sometimes the combination of two methods of water and gas injection, known as the WAG method, is used. Furthermore, in the mixed state, CO2 causes the viscosity of crude oil to decrease. Reduction in viscosity facilitated the flow of oil into production wells. Additionally, the tank pressure rose due to unmixed CO2. The quantity of oil extracted rises as a result of the interaction of these variables. In this research study, the effect of additives was studied and investigated in different conditions, and parameters include type of additive, additive concentration, process pressure, and temperature, and the effects of these parameters on kinetics and the solubility of CO2 were investigated. The inhibitory effect of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide was very effective in preventing the formation of CO2 gas hydrate compared to the pure system. For this purpose, Design Expert software was used to design the experiment. In addition, the presence of TMAH salt extends the induction time of hydrate formation, and the system with the highest concentration of this addition has the most optimal increase in induction time, according to the statistical analysis of the parameters impacting the induction time of hydrate formation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]. Makogon Y. F. (1997). Hydrates of hydrocarbons, Penn well Publishing Co. Oklahoma.##
[2]. Sloan Jr, E. D. and Koh, C. A. (2007). Clathrate hydrates of natural gases. CRC press, doi.org/10.1201/9781420008494.##
[3]. Sloan, E. D. (2010). Natural gas hydrates in flow assurance, Gulf Professional Publishing.##
[4]. Sloan E. D. (2008) Clathrate  hydrates of natural gases, New York: Taylor & Francis Group.##
[5]. Van der Waals, J. & Platteeuw J. (2007) Clathrate solutions, Advances in Chemical Physics, 2, 1-57, doi.org/10.1002/9780470143483.ch1.##
[6]. Saberi, A., Alamdari, A., Rasoolzadeh, A., & Mohammadi, A. H. (2021). Insights into kinetic inhibition effects of MEG, PVP, and L-tyrosine aqueous solutions on natural gas hydrate formation, Petroleum Science, 18, 495-508.##
[7]. Rasoolzadeh, A., Javanmardi, J., & Mohammadi, A. H. (2019). An experimental study of the synergistic effects of BMIM-BF4, BMIM-DCA and TEACl aqueous solutions on methane hydrate formation, Petroleum Science, 16(2), 409-416.##
[8]. Ghaedi, H., Javanmardi, J., Rasoolzadeh, A., & Mohammadi, A. H. (2018). Experimental study and thermodynamic modeling of methane hydrate dissociation conditions in the simultaneous presence of BMIM-BF4 and ethanol in aqueous solution, Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 63(5), 1724-1732, doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.8b00046.##
[9]. Bavoh, C. B., Partoon, B., Keong, L. K., Lal, B., & Wilfred, C. D. (2016). Eeffect of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and polyvinylpyrrolidone on kineticss of carbon dioxide hydrates, International Journal of Applied Chemistry, 12.1: 6-11.##
[10]. محمدی، ا.، القاصی، ا. و عظیمی، ع.، (1396). بررسی اثر فشار بر زمان القا و میزان مول‌های متان جذب شده در فرآیند تشکیل هیدرات شبه کلاتریت در سیستم آب + TBAC+ متان، نشریه پژوهش نفت، 27 (2)، 170-160.##
[11]. Mohammadi, A., & Jodat, A. (2019). Investigation of the kinetics of TBAB+ carbon dioxide semiclathrate hydrate in presence of tween 80 as a cold storage material, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 293, 111433, doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111433.##
[12]. Mohammadi, A., & Hakimizadeh, M. (2024). Investigation of volume changes in carbon dioxide hydrate formation process, Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment, 15(2), 135-141, doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2024.15.02.02.##
[13]. Mohammadi, A. (2022). The effect of various concentrations of tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride on the dissociation enthalpy of gas hydrates, Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment, 13(2), 151-157, doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2022.13.02.06.##
[14]. Bozorgian, A., Arab Aboosadi, Z., Mohammadi, A., Honarvar, B., & Azimi, A. R. (2022). Statistical analysis of the effects of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticle, TBAC, and APG on storage capacity of CO2 hydrate formation, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 41(1), 220-231.##
Journal of Petroleum Research
Volume 34, 1403-1 - Serial Number 134
May and June 2024
Pages 109-119

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics