A Review of Methods for the Recovery of Strategic Elements Lithium and Strontium from Oilfield Produced Water

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Petroleum and Geoenergy Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

10.22078/pr.2025.5668.3514

Abstract

One of the major byproducts of oil and gas production is produced water, which contains organic and inorganic compounds that can harm the environment and cause severe damage if not properly managed. While some countries focus primarily on its disposal, others have begun to explore its potential as a valuable source of rare and strategic metals. Given the growing demand for lithium in energy storage and strontium in medicine, this study reviews and compares different methods for recovering these two strategic metals from produced water. The selection of an appropriate extraction method depends on factors such as feedwater quality, pretreatment needs, cost, process complexity, and the generation of secondary waste. For cases with limited budgets, evaporation ponds may offer a cost-effective solution. In recent years, solvent extraction and chemical precipitation have been widely used due to their high efficiency, although they rely heavily on chemical reagents. In contrast, adsorption and electrochemical techniques, such as electrodialysis and electrocoagulation, are more environmentally friendly, as they generate little to no waste. Membrane filtration, despite its higher cost, generally provides excellent removal efficiency depending on cation size. While each method has specific strengths and limitations, integrating multiple approaches along with pretreatment can significantly enhance overall performance. This study aims to provide a comprehensive framework for selecting and optimizing methods to recover lithium and strontium from produced water, thereby addressing both the resource demand and the environmental challenges associated with oilfield operations.

Keywords

Main Subjects


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