The Analysis of Sediment Formation and Erosion Occurrences within a Chlorinator Instrument

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Industrial Protection Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, (RIPI) Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this study, the reasons for both sediment formation in a chlorinator instrument and erosion of some of its components have been investigated. This system was used to inject chlorine gas to cooling water. Visual examination clearly demonstrated the formation of gray sediments in the inner side of the chlorinator chamber along with the erosion. Furthermore, the excessive accumulation of white precipitated materials has blocked the glassy tube of the chlorinator. These events, however, have made the chlorinator system inefficient. The results of TGA, FTIR, and EDS analyses have clearly shown the best match between both unknown deposits and PVC materials. The portion of minerals in both gray and resinous white sediment materials was determined to be 28.51 and 16.7% respectively. Metallic elements such as iron and copper were also identified in the composition of sediment materials by EDS analysis. Additionally, the existence of intramolecular water in the mineral portion of the deposited materials was clearly demonstrated in the FTIR spectra. On the whole, it seems that wet chlorine has a crucial role in the erosion of chlorinator parts and subsequent deposit formation.
 

Keywords

References

[1]. Liening E. L., Corrosion by Chlorine, in: Cramer S. D., Covino B.S. (Eds.), Corrosion: Environments and Industries, ASM International, Vol. 13C, pp. 704-709, 2006.
[2]. Dillon C. P., Corrosion control in the chemical process industries, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill Inc., 1986.
[3]. Hidalgo M., Beltràn M. I., Reinecke H. and Mijangos C., “Thermal and mechanical properties of silane-crosslinked poly(vinylchloride)”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., Vol. 70, No. 5, pp. 865–872, 1998.
[4]. Benaniba M. T., Bensemra N. B. and Gelbard G., “Stabilizing effect of deoxidized sunflower oil on the thermal degradation of poly (vinyl chloride)”, Polym. Degrad. Stab., Vol. 74, No. 3, pp. 501-505, 2001.
[5]. Pochert C. J., The aldrich library of FT-IR spectra, 1st ed., Aldrich Chemical Co., 1985.
[6]. Göktepe S. E., Increasing thermal stability of poly (Vinyl Chloride) by calcium-zinc stabilizers, M.S.C. Thesis, Ege University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 1996.
[7]. Stuart B., “Infrared spectroscopy: fundamentals and applications”, 1st ed., Analytical Techniques in the Sciences (ANTS), 2004.
[8]. Evans Analytical Group, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Services, Technical Note 105, Version 1.0, 17.4. 2009
[9]. Cheremisinoff N. P., Advanced Polymer Processing Operations, 1st ed., NOYES Publications, 1998.
[10]. Garverick L., Corrosion in the petrochemical industry, 1st ed., ASM International, 1994.
[11]. Metcalf & Eddy, “Wastewater Engineering: Treatment”, Disposal, and Reuse, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 739 - 740; 755, 1991.
[12]. Kam T. H., Hong Kong Chemistry Olympiad for Secondary Schools, STFA Leung Kau Kui College, http://www.hkedcity.net/article/project/hkcho/1P.pdf, 2009-2010.
Journal of Petroleum Research
Volume 24, Issue 79 - Serial Number 79
November and December 2014
Pages 156-165

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics