Experimental Investigation of Hybrid Homogenous Carbon Nanotube Catalyst Effect on Diesel Fuel Combustion Performance and Emission in Diesel Engines

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran

3 Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A hybrid nanocatalyst based on multiwall carbon nanotube was synthesized and added to diesel fuel to improve NOx, CO, uncombustioned hydrocarbons (HC), and soot emissions as well as diesel engine performance including power, torque, and fuel consumption. The applied nanostructure includes the hybrid of cerium oxide and carbon nanotubes of 7-10 nm size, functionalized by an amide group to homogenize the catalyst and fuel mixture. The nanocatalyst was added to the diesel fuel at concentrations of 30, 60, and 90 ppm respectively, and the performance and emissions tests were carried out using OM355 EU2 diesel engine (Idem Co. Iran, under the license of German Mercedes Benz Co.). The nanosized catalyst, and hence the high contact area of the catalyst-fuel, the proper distribution of the catalyst in the fuel, and the occurrence of catalyst oxidation reaction will result in the enhancement of combustion reaction and decreasing the amount of emitted component including NOx (max 17.84%), CO (max 12.7), HC (max 30.77%), and soot (max 20.63%); also, the performance, including a maximum increase of 3.77% and 1.44% respectively in the produced power and torque and a maximum decrease of 4.74% in bsfc, was improved.

Keywords

References

[1]. Zhou, Organically complexed nano-catalysts for improving combustion properties of fuels and fuel compositions incorporating such catalyst, United States Patent, US20060175230 A1, Issued Aug. 10, 2006.##
[2]. François G., “Environmental catalysis”, Catalysis Today, 89 Vol. 89, Issue 3, pp. 253-386, 2004.##
[3]. Guru M., Karakaya U., Altiparmak D., and Alicilar A., “Improvement of diesel fuel properties by using additives”, In: Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 43, pp 1021-1025,  2002.##
[4]. Chlopek Z., Darkowski A., and Piaseczny L., “The influence of metallo-organic fuel additives on CI engine emission”, Polish J Environ. Stud., Vol. 14, pp. 559–567, 2005.##
[5]. Wickham D. T., Cook R., De Voss S., R. Engel J., and Nabity J., “Soluble nano-catalyst for high performance fuels”, Journal of Russian Laser Research, Vol. 27, pp. 258-268, 2006.##
[6]. Yetter R. A., Grant A. R., and Steven F. S., “Metal particle combustion and nanotechnology”, In: Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 32, pp. 1819-1838, 2009.##
[7]. Valentine J. M., Peter-Hoblyn J. D., and Acres G. K., “Emissions reduction and improved fuel economy performance from a bimetallic platinum/cerium diesel fuel additive at ultra-low dose rates”, SAE Technical Paper, 1934, pp. 1-9, 2000.##
[8]. Sadhik Basha J. and Anand R. B., “Effects of nanoparticle additive in the water-diesel emulsion fuel on the performance”, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine, Int. J. Veh. Des. Vol. 59, pp. 164–181, 2012.##
[9]. DeLuca L. T., Galfetti L., and Severini F., “Combustion of composite solid propellants with nanosized aluminium”, Combust Explos Shock Waves, Vol. 41, pp. 680–692, 2005.##
[10]. Rongguang L., Xiaoli L. I., and Qifei J., “Development of high efficiency diesel fuel additive for emission control”, J. Vehicle Egine,Vol. 1, pp. 29-32, 2001.##
[11]. Boutonnet M., Kizzling J., and Stenius P. “The preparation of monodisperse colloidal metal particles from microemulsions”, Colloids and Surfaces, Vol. 5, No.3, pp. 209-225, 1982.##
[12]. Boutonnet M., Lögdberg S., and Svensson E. E., “Recent developments in the application of nanoparticles prepared from w/o microemulsions in heterogeneous catalysis”, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, Vol. 13, Iss 4, pp. 195-314, 2008.##
[13]. Arul Mozhi Selvan V., Anand R. B., and Udayakumar M., “Effects of cerium oxide nanoparticle addition in  diesel and diesel-biodiesel ethanol blends on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine”, Vol. 4, No. 7, pp. 1-6, 2009.##
[14]. Kung H. H. and Kung M. C., “Nanotechnology:applications and potentials for heterogeneous catalysis”, Catalysis Today, Vol. 97, Issue 4, pp. 219-224, 2004.##
[15]. Sadhik Basha J. and Anand R. B., “The influence of nano additive blended biodiesel fuels on the working characteristics of a diesel engine”, J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng., Vol. 35, pp. 257–264, 2013.##
[16]. www.dieselnet.com/emission-standards/emission stan-fuel regulations-EU/EU/Fuels EU Biodiesel Fuel.##
Journal of Petroleum Research
Volume 25, Issue 81 - Serial Number 81
May and June 2015
Pages 66-77

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics