مدل‌سازی رفتار فازی مخلوط دوتایی نفت سنگین/ بیتومن و حلال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی نفت، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، نفت و گاز، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران

چکیده

روش‌های رایج تولید در مخازن نفت سنگین به‌دلیل ویسکوزیته‌ بالای نفت پاسخ‌گو نیست. بنابراین، روش‌های جدیدی مانند VAPEX و ES-SAGD برای تولید از این مخازن ابداع شده‌اند که باعث کاهش ویسکوزیته‌ نفت می‌شوند. در این روش‌ها، تزریق حلال باعث رقیق شدن و ایجاد یک مخلوط پیچیده و نامتقارن می‌شود. مطالعه‌ رفتار فازی نفت به‌علت تنوع اجزاء موجود در آن به‌تنهایی امری دشوار است و این مسأله با افزودن حلال به سیستم پیچیده‌تر می‌شود. در نظر گرفتن نفت سنگین به‌عنوان یک شبه جزء و بررسی خصوصیات ترموفیزیکی مخلوط آن با حلال به‌عنوان یک مخلوط دوتایی یکی از راه‌های ساده‌سازی مسأله است. در این مطالعه بیش از 1000 داده‌ آزمایشگاهی از انواع نفت سنگین/ بیتومن و حلال‌های مختلف هیدروکربنی و غیرهیدروکربنی جمع‌آوری و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. با توجه به دمای آزمایش داده‌ها به دو دسته‌ کمتر و بیشتر از دمای بحرانی حلال تقسیم شدند. مدل‌سازی رفتار فازی مخلوط به‌صورت یک مخلوط دوتایی با استفاده از معادله‌ حالت پنگ- رابینسون پیشرفته انجام شد. میزان‌سازی معادله‌ حالت به منظور تطبیق با داده‌های تجربی از طریق بهینه‌سازی ضریب برهم‌کنش دوتایی (kij) انجام شد. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که فرض مخلوط دوتایی می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک راهکار عملی برای تولید نمودارهای فشار- ترکیب درصد مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. مقادیر بهینه‌ kij و دو رابطه‌ تجربی برای تخمین آن با توجه به نسبت بی‌بعد Tco/Tcs (دمای بحرانی نفت به دمای بحرانی حلال) پیشنهاد شد. مدل ساخته شده با استفاده از kijهای پیشنهادی انحراف متوسط حدود 13% را نسبت به داده‌های تجربی نشان می‌دهد. ذکر این نکته ضروری است که در مخلوط نفت سنگین/ بیتومن و حلال ایجاد حالت سه فازی مایع- مایع- بخار نیز محتمل است اما با توجه به قانون فازهای گیبس با وجود دو جزء و سه فاز در سیستم درجه‌ی آزادی برابر یک بوده و تشخیص تغییر فشار حالت سه فازی برای مدل ممکن نیست.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling Phase Behavior of Heavy Oil/Bitumen and Solvent Binary Mixtures

نویسندگان [English]

  • fatemeh keyvani
  • Mohammad Javad Amani
  • Azim Kalantariasl
Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Shiraz University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Conventional production methods in heavy oil reservoirs are not efficient due to high viscosity of oil. Therefore, several new methods such as VAPEX and ES-SAGD have been developed to overcome production challenges from these reservoirs, which mainly rely on oil viscosity reduction. Solvent injection dilutes the oil and produces a complex asymmetric mixture. It is difficult to study the phase behavior of oil due to diversity of its components, and it gets more complicated by addition of solvent. One of the assumptions to simplify the problem is considering heavy oil as a single pseudo component and to investigate thermophysical properties of binary mixtures with diluents/mixtures. In this study, more than 1000 experimental data of various types of heavy oil/bitumen and several hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon solvents were collected and evaluated. The data were divided into two groups, below and above the critical temperature of the solvent, according to experimental temperatures. Also, modeling mixture phase behavior as a binary mixture was done using the advanced Peng-Robinson equation of state (APR-EoS). EoS tuning to match the experimental data was done by optimizing the binary interaction coefficient (kij). The results showed that binary mixture assumption could be used as a practical approach to construct P-X diagrams. Optimized kij was proposed according to dimensionless ratio Tco/Tcs (oil critical temperature to solvent critical temperature) for each solvent. The model constructed using suggested kij shows an average deviation of about 13% compared to experimental data. It is necessary to note that vapor-liquid-liquid three phase region may occur in a heavy oil/bitumen and solvent mixture. But according to the Gibbs phase rule, with two components and three phases in the system, the degree of freedom equals one. Therefore, investigating impacts of pressure change on three phase region is not possible using this model.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • EOR
  • Heavy Oil
  • Solvent
  • Binary Mixture
  • VAPEX
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