نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In this study, the effect of catalysts on the heavy hydrocarbon cracking process in the perforated section of an oil well was investigated using computational fluid dynamics. The vertical oil well geometry with perforated sections at the bottom was meshed and modeled in three dimensions. In this simulation, the fluid was assumed to be Newtonian, incompressible, and in a laminar flow regime, with physical properties set to a density of 980 kg/m³ and a dynamic viscosity of 0.49 Pa•s. The governing equations of fluid flow, mass transfer, and chemical reactions were solved using the finite element method and then effect of parameters such as catalyst type, temperature variations, conversion rate, steam presence, carbon deposition, and well productivity index were analyzed. The results showed that increasing the temperature within the range of 350°C to 425°C and applying a catalyst layer on the perforated zones increased the conversion rate from 7% to 45%, representing more than a sixfold enhancement. The study of catalyst types revealed that alumina-silica, with a low activation energy of 22.3 kJ/mol and a high surface area of 240.53 m²/g, exhibited the highest conversion rate. Additionally, the effect of steam injection was analyzed for three steam-to-oil ratios of 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1 ml/ml, showing that increasing the steam-to-oil ratio improved the conversion rate by approximately 6%. Increasing the perforation diameter from 4.5 mm to 10.5 mm resulted in a tenfold increase in well productivity, significantly enhancing oil production rates. One of the primary challenges in this process was carbon deposition on the catalyst surface, leading to a gradual decline in catalytic activity. In the initial stages, the catalyst performed efficiently; however, over time, its activity decreased, and coke deposition rates increased. A comparison between the simulation results and experimental data within the temperature range of 350°C to 425°C and a pressure of 20 bar demonstrated good agreement.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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