ساخت و بررسی نانوکامپوزیت سوپرجاذب اکریل‌آمید/اکریلیک‌اسید/بنتونیت برای خاک‌های کشاورزی با شوری مختلف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، ایران

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، ایران

چکیده

در حال حاضر بحران آب و کمبود منابع آبی یک معضل جهانی است. سوپرجاذب‌ها پلیمرهای آب‌دوست و دارای پیوندعرضی هستند که توانایی متورم شدن در آب به صورت برگشت‌پذیر به همراه حفظ حجم بالای آب را دارند، از این رو در کشاورزی کاربرد زیادی دارند. در این پژوهش تاثیر پارامترهای سنتزی شامل مونومرهای اکریل‌آمید، اکریلیک‌اسید، بنتونیت و نسبت شبکه‌کننده به آغازگر بر رفتار تورمی و میزان نگه‌داشت آب در سوپرجاذب بررسی و میزان جذب و واجذب آب در محلول‌هایی با شوری زیاد و خاک اندازه‌گیری شده است. سوپرجاذب‌های مورد استفاده به‌روش پلیمریزاسیون محلول سنتز شده و ساختار شیمیایی آن‌ها توسط آزمون‌های FTIRا، SEMا، XRDا، TGA و DSC بررسی شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد با افزودن شبکه‌کننده، میزان تورم تعادلی کاهش می‌یابد و در صورت استفاده از مقدار بهینه آغازگر، افزایش میزان اکریل‌آمید و اکریلیک‌اسید، میزان جذب تعادلی افزایش می‌یابد. نتیجه آنکه سوپرجاذبی تهیه شده است که میزان جذب آب آن g/g 1125 است. نتایج جذب و واجذب سوپرجاذب بهینه در محلول‌های با شوری بالا و خاک نشان می‌دهد که سوپرجاذب ساخته شده کارایی خوبی در محلول‌های با شوری زیاد داشته و برای استفاده در خاک‌های با شوری بالا مناسب و کارآمد است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Preparation and Properties of Superabsorbent Nanocomposite of Acrylamide/Acrylic Acid/Bentonite for Uses in Agriculture with Different Soil Salinities

نویسندگان [English]

  • zahra jazebi 1
  • seyed mahmoud reza hojjati 1
  • Ali Kasraian 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Soil Science, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Scarcity of water as well as shortage of water reservoirs is a major global issue excruciating by an increase in population. Saving water in irrigation is a vital solution in protecting water reservoirs and takes high priority among other possible solutions. Superabsorbents are cross-linked hydrophilic polymers with the ability to reversibly swell in water as well as absorbing high volume of water, thus superabsorbents have attractive application in agriculture. In this research, the effect of synthesis factors such as acrylamide and acrylic acid monomers, the amount of bentonite and the ratio of cross-linker to initiator on swelling behavior and water absorbency of hydrogel were investigated and their absorbtion and desorbtion in sour solution and soil was determined. Superabsorbents were synthesized by solution polymerization and their chemical structures were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA, and DSC. The results showed that an increase in cross-linker would decrease the equilibrium swelling, and by using the optimum of the initiator, an increase in acrylamide and acrylic acid, the equilibrium swelling would increase. An increase in bentonite would increase equilibrium swelling, but additional bentonite will decrease it. By optimizingmentioned additives, a superabsorbent was prepared with the water absorbency of 1125 g/g. The results of absorbtion and desorbtion of optimized superabsorbent in highly sour solutions and soil have showed that the synthesized superabsorbent is highly practical in sour solutions, thus suitable in highly sour soils.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Superabsorbent
  • Nanocomposite
  • Bentonite
  • Acrylic Acid
  • Acrylamide
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