سنتز، معرفی و مطالعه خواص رئولوژیکی یک سورفکتانت پلیمری جدید و بررسی اثر آن بر کشش بین‌سطحی آب و نفت در شوری‌های متفاوت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 انستیتو مهندسی نفت، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، پردیس دانشکده های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 گروه شیمی، دانشگاه کارولینای شمالی، چاپل هیل، کارولینای شمالی، آمریکا

3 انستیتو مهندسی نفت، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، پردیس دانشکده های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران/گروه مهندسی نفت، پردیس بین المللی کیش، دانشگاه تهران، کیش، ایران

چکیده

تزریق هم‌زمان پلیمر و سورفکتانت باعث ایجاد برهم‌کنش بین سورفکتانت و پلیمر شده و سبب کاهش قابل ملاحظه‌ای در عملکرد آن‌ها می‌گردد. یکی از راه‌حل‌های برطرف نمودن این مشکل، استفاده از مواد جدیدی به‌نام سورفکتانت پلیمری است که می‌تواند جایگزین جذابی برای روش‌های موجود باشد. این مواد جدید علاوه‌بر اینکه اثرات هم‌زمان پلیمر و سورفکتانت مانند افزایش ویسکوزیته آب، کاهش کشش بین‌سطحی آب و نفت و تغییر ترشوندگی سنگ مخزن را دارا هستند، می‌تواند موجب افزایش تولید نفت نسبت به سایر روش‌های سنتی نیز گردند. در این تحقیق ابتدا پلی‌اکریل‌آمید هیدرولیز شده و پلی‌اکریل‌آمید اصلاح‌شده  به‌عنوان یک سورفکتانت پلیمری با استفاده از یک گروه آب‌گریز زویتری  سنتز گردید. سپس اثر این دو پلیمر به‌تنهایی و نیز در حضور هم‌زمان چهار نمک CaCl2ا، MgCl2 و K2SO4ا،NaCl برروی پارامترهایی از قبیل کشش بین‌سطحی آب و نفت، ویسکوزیته و تنش برشی بررسی شد. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش‌ها نشان می‌دهد که استفاده از پلی‌اکریل‌آمید اصلاح‌شده باعث کاهش کشش بین‌سطحی تا mN/m 41/4 می‌‌گردد در حالی‌که در شرایط مشابه پلی‌اکریل‌آمید هیدرولیز شده کشش بین‌سطحی را تا mN/m 65/13 کاهش می‌دهد. همچنین ویسکوزیته در شوری mg/L 104×1 برای پلی‌اکریل‌آمید اصلاح‌شده آب‌گریز برابر با 174 و برای پلی‌اکریل‌آمید هیدرولیز شده cp 62 بوده که نشان می‌دهد با افزایش غلظت نمک، پلی‌اکریل‌آمید اصلاح‌شده آب‌گریز عملکرد بهتری نسبت به پلی‌اکریل‌آمید هیدرولیز شده از خود نشان می‌دهد. در همین شوری، در نرخ برشی s-1 400، ویسکوزیته پلی‌اکریل‌آمید اصلاح‌شده آب‌گریز و پلی‌اکریل‌آمید هیدرولیز شده به‌ترتیب برابر با 06/1 و cp 14/0 اندازه‌گیری شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Synthesis, Introduction and Study of the Rheological Properties of a Novel Polymeric Surfactant and its Effect on Interfacial Tension in Different Salinity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elias Ghaleh Golab 1
  • Siavash Riahi 1
  • Mohammad Vatankhah-Varnosfaderani 2
  • Ali Nakhaee 3
1 Institute of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
3 Institute of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran\Department of Petroleum Engineering, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
چکیده [English]

The application of polymers is one of the key techniques in different improved oil recovery (IOR) methods, namely polymer flooding, surfactant-polymer flooding, and alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding. Contact between polymers and surfactants in the reservoir, however, may cause some interactions between the two materials, leading to undesirable changes in their performance. In addition, flooding with polymeric surfactants is an attractive solution to this problem. Moreover, polymeric surfactants, in which hydrophobic groups are attached to hydrophilic polymers, simultaneously exhibit some properties of polymers and surfactants such as increasing the viscosity of solution, reducing the interfacial tension between water and oil, and also changing the wettability of the reservoir rock. In this study, polyacrylamide is hydrolyzed and using a zwitterion hydrophobic group, a new zwitterionic polymeric surfactant is synthesized. FTIR and HNMR identification tests verified the success of the process. The impact of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) and zwitterionic polymeric surfactant on water-oil interfacial tension, fluid viscosity, and shear rate were measured in the presence of CaCl2, MgCl2, K2SO4, and NaCl. Our results show that while HPAM reduced the interfacial tension to 13.65 mN/m, hydrophobically modified zwitterionic polyacrylamide (HMZPAM) reduced interfacial tension to 4.41 mN/m. While in similar conditions Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide reduces the interfacial tension to 13.65 mN/m. In salinity of 10,000 Mg/L, the viscosity of HPAM and HMZPAM were measured as 62 cP and 174 cP respectively. HMZPAM also showed better properties in elevated salt concentrations and shear rates. Finally, at the shear rate of 400 S-1, the apparent viscosity of HPAM and HMZPAM were equal to 0.14 cP and 1.06 cP respectively.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Polymeric Surfactant
  • Interfacial Tension
  • Salinity
  • Viscosity
  • Shear Rate
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