حذف زیستی نفتالین و هگزادکان توسط جدایه بومی Bacillus thuringiensis

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

آلودگی به موادنفتی اغلب در واحدهای بهره‌برداری، پالایش و فرآوری امری گریزناپذیر است. انتشار این ترکیبات به محیط‌زیست اغلب موجب اثرات نامطلوب بر سلامت انسان و سایر موجودات زنده می‌شود و بنابراین باید با استفاده از روش‌های کارآمد برای حذف آنها اقدام نمود. تجزیه‌زیستی توسط میکروارگانیسم‌ها روشی کم‌هزینه، مؤثر و سازگار با محیط‌زیست در حذف آلودگی‌های نفتی از محیط‌های آلوده است که موفقیت آن بستگی بسیاری به وجود میکروارگانیسم‌های توانمند به حذف ترکیبات هیدروکربنی حلقوی و خطی دارد. از این‌رو، جداسازی و شناسایی باکتری‌های بومی تجزیه‌کننده سازگار با شرایط محیط و توانمند به تحمل بار بالای آلاینده‌ها، حائز اهمیت است. در این پژوهش، چهار سویه باکتریایی (Arthrobacter citreus ،Staphylococcus gallinarum ،Bacillus thuringiensis و Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus) که پیش‌تر از خاک‌های آلوده به ترکیبات نفتی در منطقه نفت‌شهر جداسازی شده بودند، برای حذف زیستی نفتالین و هگزادکان بکار گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اگر چه تمامی این چهار سویه امکان حذف نفتالین و هگزادکان را به عنوان تنها منبع تأمین کننده کربن دارند؛ اما سویه B. thuringiensis بهترین عملکرد را در حذف هر دو ترکیب نشان داد به‌طوری‌که طی مدت 7 روز توانست 31/90٪ از نفتالین (غلظت اولیه mg L-1 200) و 89/78٪ از هگزادکان (غلظت اولیه mg L-1 1000) را به‌ترتیب با سرعت ویژه mg gcell-1 day-1 25/99 و mg gcell-1 day-1 43/231 حذف نماید. براساس این نتایج، می توان گفت که این باکتری تولیدکننده بیوسورفکتانت، پتانسیل بالایی در تیمار زیستی محیط‌های آلوده به هیدروکربن‌های نفتی خطی و حلقوی دارد.   
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Biodegradation of Naphthalene and Hexadecane by Indigenous Isolated Bacillus Thuringiensis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Firoozeh Gholami 1
  • Alireza Habibi 2
  • Samira Pakdel 1
  • Ali Beheshti Ale Agha 1
  • Rouhalah Sharifi 3
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
Oil contamination is often inevitable in exploitation, refining, and processing units. The emission of these compounds into the environment causes adverse effects on human health and other living organisms hence, it is necessary to use efficient methods to remove them. Bioremediation by microorganisms is a cost-effective and environmental-friendly method for remediation of oil contamination from the environment which its success depends on microorganisms that are capable to remove of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, it is important to isolation and characterization indigenous-degrading bacteria that are able to tolerance contaminants at a high loading rate. In this study, four bacterial isolates (Arthrobacter citreus, Staphylococcus gallinarum, Bacillus thuringiensis, Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus), which was previously isolated from petroleum-contaminated soils of Naft-Shahr, were used for bioremediation of naphthalene and hexadecane. The result showed although all four strains could utilize naphthalene and hexadecane as only carbon source, whoever B. thuringiensis strain had shown the best efficiency in removal of both compounds. This strain could remove 90.31% of naphthalene (initial concentration of 200 mg L-1) and 78.89% of hexadecane (initial concentration of 1000 mg L-1) with a specific rate of 99.25 mg gcell-1 day-1 and 231.43 mg gcell-1 day-1 during 7 days respectively. Based on these results, this biosurfactant-producing bacterium had shown high potential in bioremediation of environment contaminated with aliphatic and aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioremediation
  • Aerobic Oxidation
  • Aromatic and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
  • Indigenous Bacteria
 
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