بررسی اثر اشباع آب اولیه و دما برروی بازیابی نفت در طی آشام خودبه‌خودی و تزریق آب کم‌شور و هوشمند در سنگ مخزن کربناته

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی نفت، دانشکده نفت اهواز، دانشگاه صنعت نفت، اهواز، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی نفت، واحد امیدیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، امیدیه، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات نفت، دانشکده نفت اهواز، دانشگاه صنعت نفت، ایران

چکیده

تزریق آب کم‌شور به‌عنوان یکی از روش‌های ازدیاد برداشت نفت به‌دلیل ارزانی و محدودیت‌های کم عمیلاتی مورد توجه شایانی قرار گرفته است. دست‌کاری ترکیب و غلظت یون‌های نمک در آب تزریقی می‌تواند بر بازیافت حاصل از فرآیند آشام خودبه‌خودی در مخازن شکاف‌دار و جابه‌جایی اجباری نفت تأثیر به‌سزایی داشته باشد. از این‌رو، تحقیقات آزمایشگاهی و میدانی فراوانی برای درک سازوکارها و عوامل مؤثر بر تزریق آب کم‌شور و هوشمند صورت پذیرفته است. علی‌رغم این تحقیقات، برخی از سازوکارهای فعال و فاکتورهای تعیین‌کننده در مخازن کربناته از جمله میزان اشباع اولیه آب در هاله‌ای از ابهام و به‌صورت کامل شناخته نشده است. بر همین اساس، در مطالعه پیش رو به ارزیابی اثر اشباع آب اولیه در مقادیر بالا و کم در آشام خودبه‌خودی توسط آب کم‌شور و آب هوشمند حاوی یون‌های دوگانه فعال سولفات و منیزیم در مغزه‌های کربناته پرداخته شده است. در ادامه، با تزریق آب‌های مورد نظر به درون سنگ در طی عمیلات سیلاب‌زنی تأثیر دماهای مختلف از جمله دمای معادل و دمای کمتر مخزن بررسی می‌گردد. در بخش آخر با کمک اندازه‌گیری نمودار های تروایی نسبی و فشار مویینگی، سازوکار فعال در آزمایشات مورد توجه قرار می گیرد. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که افزایش اشباع آب اولیه در سنگ‌های کربناته موجب ازدیاد برداشت نفت در طی آشام خودبه‌خودی آب کم‌شور و آب هوشمند در دمای محیط می شود. همچنین، مشاهده شد که افزایش دمای سیستم باعث افزایش میزان تولید نفت در طی تزریق ثانویه توسط آب کم‌شور می‌گردد. کاهش نفت باقی‌مانده در نمودار‌های تراوایی نسبی و فشار موئینگی در اثر وجود یون‌های سولفات و منیزیم تأییدی بر تغییر تر شوندگی سیستم بود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Initial Water Saturation and Temperature on Oil Recovery during Spontaneous Imbibition and Injection of Low Salinity Water and Smart Water in Carbonate Reservoir Rocks

نویسندگان [English]

  • Siavash Ashoori 1
  • Mehdi Kavosy Heidary 2
  • Mohammad Abdideh 2
  • Mehdi Sharifi 3
  • Sepideh Veiskarami 3
1 Department of Petroleum Engineering, Ahwaz Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Iran
2 Department of Petroleum Engineering, Omidiyeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
3 Ahwaz Center for Petroleum Research, Ahwaz Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, low salinity water-flooding has received much attention as one of the enhanced oil recovery methods because of its cheapness and low operating limitations. Tuning of injected water composition and concentration can induce a significant effect on the oil recovery during the spontaneous imbibition process and forced oil displacement in the fractured reservoirs. Numerous lab and field studies have been conducted to realize the mechanisms and factors affecting the low salinity and smart water injection. Despite these researches, some of the related mechanisms and determining factors in carbonate reservoirs, such as the initial water saturation and temperature, have not yet been fully understood. Therefore, extensive experiments are needed to optimize the conditions of injected water. In this study, the oil recovery of spontaneous imbibition by low salinity and smart water containing divalent ions has been investigated when the initial water saturations were in relatively small and high amounts in carbonate cores. Then, the coreflooding experiments were conducted with various temperatures, including equivalent and below the reservoir temperature. Based on relative permeability and capillary pressure measurements, the mechanism leading to higher oil recovery during smart water injection was also investigated. The results showed that the oil recovery was increased during spontaneous imbibition of low salinity and smart water under ambient conditions as the initial water saturation increased. It was also observed that elevating the temperature from 80 °C to 105 °C in secondary water injection could improve oil production significantly. The reduction of residual oil saturation in the relative permeability and capillary pressure diagrams due to the presence of sulfate and magnesium ions confirmed that the carbonate rock became more water-wet at the ambient temperature.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Low Salinity Water-flooding
  • Divalent Ions
  • Relative Permeability
  • Multi-ion Exchange (MIE)
  • Wettability Alteration
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