بررسی علل تخریب تیوب کندانسور مبدل حرارتی در یک واحد پالایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه پژوهش خوردگی فلزات، پژوهشکده حفاظت صنعتی، پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت، تهران، ایران

چکیده

آلیاژ مس- نیکل (10-90) از پرکاربردترین آلیاژهای پایه مس است که مقاومت به خوردگی و استحکام مناسبی داشته و کاربرد گسترده‌ای در صنایع دریایی به‌خصوص در مبدل‌های حرارتی و بویلرها دارد. این آلیاژ به‌طور معمول در تیوب سیستم‌های خنک کننده آبی خصوصاً در سیستم‌هایی که از آب دریا به عنوان سیال خنک کننده استفاده می‌کنند، استفاده می‌شود. در این مقاله علل تخریب زود هنگام یک نمونه تیوب از جنس آلیاژ مس-نیکل (10-90) متعلق به کندانسور سیستم خنک‌کننده موجود در یکی از پالایشگاه‌های نفت در جنوب کشور توسط میکروسکوپ‌های نوری و الکترونی و همچنین روش‌های آنالیزی مختلف از جمله طیف سنجی فلورسانس اشعه ایکس و پراش اشعه ایکس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که علت اصلی تخریب تیوب خوردگی حفره‌ای از سطح داخلی بوده و عمدتاً به‌علت ورود اجسام خارجی، گرفتگی تیوب و در نتیجه ایجاد محیطی مناسب برای فعالیت میکروارگانیزم‌ها و خوردگی میکروبی به‌وجود آمده است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Failure Analysis of a Heat Exchanger Condenser Tube of an Oil Refinery

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mohammad Hamed Hoseiny
  • Mohammad Shayegani Akmal
Corrosion Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cupronickel 90-10 is one of the most applicable Cu-based alloys which possess suitable corrosion resistance and strength and is employed extensively in marine industries particularly in the boilers and heat exchangers. Generally, the tubes of water cooling systems especially those use seawater as cooling medium are made of this alloy. In this paper, the causes of premature failure of a cupronickel (90-10) condenser tube used in a cooling system of an oil refinery in the south of Iran have been studied by different microscopical and analytical methods, e.g. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that pitting corrosion on the internal surface of the tube was the main cause of its failure which was a consequence of the stagnant of the tube by external solids and preparation of an appropriate  environment for the activity of microorganisms, hence, microbial corrosion.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Failure Analysis
  • Microbial Corrosion
  • Cupronickel 90-10 Alloy
  • Condenser Tube
  • Seawater
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